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Inorganic bases
Bases are compounds that absorb protons during chemical reactions. In aqueous solutions, they form hydroxide ions and consequently have a strong corrosive effect.
The most important inorganic bases are sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide and ammonia. These bases and their aqueous solutions, the alkalis, are not only used in industry and technology, but are also components of many everyday consumer goods - do my homework . For example, many cleaning agents are alkaline, as grease and other soiling can be easily dissolved by bases. Industrially, bases are important raw materials for the production of glasses, cellulose, fertilisers or building materials.
Inorganic bases damage the environment when wastewater is too heavily polluted with alkaline cleaning agents or chemical waste, thus disturbing the pH balance in water bodies.
According to J. N. Bronsted, bases are proton acceptors, i.e. substances that absorb protons in chemical reactions - do my online class for me . In water, they form hydroxide ions in this way and therefore react alkaline or basic. The aqueous solutions of the bases are also called alkalis.
NH3+H2O→NH4^++OH^-
Metal hydroxides are ionic compounds whose lattice is made up of metal cations and hydroxide ions. The alkali hydroxides are very soluble in water and thus completely dissociated when dissolved. They are therefore strong bases - solve chemistry problems . The hydroxides of polyvalent cations are usually less soluble and therefore weaker bases. The pH value of basic solutions is between 7 and 14, depending on the concentration and strength of the bases. Solutions of sodium hydroxide turn Unitest intensely blue. Depending on the concentration of the hydroxide ions, bases sometimes have a very strong corrosive effect. Careless handling of bases can therefore lead to serious accidents.
The most important inorganic bases are sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, ammonia and the hydroxides of the alkaline earth metals calcium and barium.
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